ask the nutritionist Archives - Community Food Co-op

Ask the Nutritionist: Vitamin D

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

June 2019

Selva Wohlgemuth, meal planning instructor

Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

“Tell me more about vitamin D. How and where do I get enough vitamin D for general wellness?”

Many people have heard of vitamin D and understand its relationship to the sun. I often hear people say “soaking up my vitamin D” when a nice, sunny day arrives. But is it really as simple as that? Of course not. Today I will clarify what vitamin D is, why you need to make sure you are getting enough, and how to make sure you are getting what you need.

Vitamin D 101

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with hormone-like properties that is found naturally only in a few foods and can be synthesized in the skin from the sun’s UVB rays. It is commonly known for its facilitative role in bone health by increasing calcium absorption and for its role in improving seasonal affective disorder. However, many people do not know that it also is required for proper immune function, hormone health, cellular growth and development, and blood sugar and blood pressure regulation. That’s a lot!

Many studies have found an inverse relationship between vitamin D status and autoimmune disorders, diabetes, eczema, cancer, depression, and more. The current recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is set at 400IU per day
for infants, 600IU per day for children and adults, and 800IU for the elderly.

SOURCES OF VITAMIN D

Vitamin D from the Sun

The sun doesn’t give you vitamin D3, it merely starts a process. Upon the skin’s exposure to the sun’s UVB rays, pre-vitamin D3 is converted to inactive vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). After conversion in the skin, cholecalciferol is quickly transported to the liver and then to the kidneys to be metabolized to active vitamin D3, also known as calcitriol. Therefore, if the liver or kidneys are not functioning properly, vitamin D status can be impaired.

However, the darkness of your skin, the fat deposition underneath your skin, and the coverage on your skin (including sunscreen and clothing) all play a role in if and how much pre-vitamin D3 is converted to cholecalciferol. If you have darker skin tone, are elderly (less fat under skin), wear a protective clothing layer, or apply a sunscreen greater than 10 SPF, you will have reduced or no vitamin D3 conversion.

Furthermore, above the 40th parallel north (or below the 42nd parallel south), there is inadequate UVB radiation to support vitamin D synthesis from mid-October to mid-March. Bellingham is at the 48th parallel north.

Plus, the best time for good UVB exposure is between 10 am–2 pm. If you are working an indoor job from 9 am to 5 pm, are fully clothed, and wear sunscreen on your face, then you will not synthesize any vitamin D. If you think you will get some vitamin D when sitting in a sunny spot inside, think again. It doesn’t matter what time of year it is, or time of day, if you are sitting in front of a window, all UVB rays are blocked and you will not synthesize any vitamin D.

Nutritionist Tip: Get outside around noon for 15 minutes and expose your hands, arms, and face (without sunscreen) in the late spring, summer, and early fall months to synthesize about 1000IU. Then layer on the sunscreen or seek shade.

Vitamin D from Food

Vitamin D is only found naturally in very few foods including fatty fish like salmon and sardines (340IU per 3 ounces), eggs (40IU per egg), and liver (40IU per 3 ounces). Mushrooms, although advertised as a source of vitamin D, often do not provide much useable vitamin D unless the grower purposefully has exposed the mushrooms to UV light. One cup of sliced “unexposed” crimini mushrooms only provides 5IU, whereas the “exposed” provides around 400IU. Ask your grocer what kind they offer. However, there are other foods on the market that are fortified with vitamin D such as dairy and plant milks, orange juice, and some cereals, usually providing anywhere between 50-100IU per serving.

Nutritionist Tip: Enjoy fatty seafood like salmon, UV “exposed” mushrooms, and fortified milk or non-dairy milks multiple times per week for substantial food sources of vitamin D.

Vitamin D from Supplements

Vitamin D supplements can be found as vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). Vitamin D2 is synthesized via UV irradiation of yeast, whereas D3 is synthesized via UV irradiation of lanolin. However, research studies have found that vitamin D2 may not be as effective in increasing active (calcitriol) vitamin D3 serum levels. Taking supplements is essential when adequate dietary intake and proper sun exposure are lacking.

How Much to Supplement?

The optimal intake of vitamin D to support general health and well-being remains controversial. Researchers have found a U-shaped curve regarding vitamin D status, indicating that both low and high vitamin D serum levels are correlated with disease development and progression. The Linus Pauling Institute recommends that generally healthy adults supplement with 2000IU of vitamin D3 daily. Some may need more or less depending on the factors previously discussed.

More is not always better! High-dose vitamin D supplementation that is not monitored can lead to abnormally high serum calcium concentrations, which can damage the kidneys and heart. Research suggests that daily intakes of less than 10,000IU per day in healthy individuals is very unlikely to result in toxicity.

Nonetheless, it is best to test not guess! Work with a health care practitioner to check your vitamin D status 1–2 times per year to get a feel for your unique needs. Research studies suggest that a serum vitamin D concentration between 40 ng/mL and 60 ng/mL is ideal.

Nutritionist Tip: Supplement with 1000–2000IU per day and check your vitamin D levels annually to ensure a serum vitamin D between 40–60ng/mL. Make sure to check your multivitamin, as they often already contain some vitamin D.

RESOURCES FOR THE INSPIRED INDIVIDUAL

Overall, low vitamin D status can impact your health in many ways. Unfortunately, testing vitamin D status is not as routine as it should be, especially here in the Pacific Northwest. Ensuring optimal vitamin D levels year-round can help keep you feeling your best. Be an advocate for yourself and request vitamin D labs at your annual doctor visit or see the resources below for additional helpful research, testing, guidelines, and applications.

See www.Grassrootshealth.net for more vitamin D information and research. They also provide vitamin D testing for $65.
Get the free DMinder App to monitor your vitamin D status and local sun exposure.
See the Environmental Working Group’s “Guide to Sunscreen” for safe sunscreen products.Article References:Krause’s Food & The Nutrition Care Process, 14th Edition.
Pages: 1071-1072.Linus Pauling Institute. Vitamin D. https://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/vitamins/vitamin-D#RDAGrassrootsHealth. Resources. https://grassrootshealth.net/documentation/

Ask the Nutritionist

Have questions? Send them to contact@happybellynutritionist.com. Selva Wohlgemuth is a registered dietitian nutritionist. Learn more about her approach to general health and well-being at her Happy Belly Nutrition website, and see her recipes and other kitchen tips at Poppies and Papayas.

Old World Lamb Liver Pâté

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

March 2019

This recipe makes a lot of pate. You can easily freeze the pâté and thaw for use later if you need a quick and tasty appetizer or breakfast spread.

Being nutritionally dense, this recipe is particularly appropriate for meeting the nutritional needs of mothers during the postpartum period.

Old World Lamb Liver Pâté

INGREDIENTS

½ cup + 2 tablespoons organic grass-fed butter (I use Organic Valley, green label)
2 cups diced yellow onion
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 tablespoon fresh sage, finely minced
1 tablespoon fresh oregano, finely minced
1 pound organic grass-fed lamb liver, diced or thinly sliced
2 tablespoons half and half
1 teaspoon real sea salt
1 teaspoon fresh ground allspice (I use a clean coffee grinder to grind up allspice berries)
½ teaspoon ground pepper

METHOD

In a large skillet (not cast iron), heat the butter over medium heat until melted. Reduce heat to medium low and add the yellow onion and sauté 10 minutes. Then add the garlic and the freshly minced herbs. Sauté another 10 minutes until the onions are caramelized.
Meanwhile cut away any membranes on the liver. Sometimes this is already done depending what liver you buy, and if you can find it, it will surely save you a bit of time! See this post for pictures if you still need to cut away membranes.
When the onions are starting to caramelize reduce the heat to low and with a slotted spoon transfer the onion mixture into a food processor. Return the heat to medium and sauté the liver until no longer bloody, but still slightly pink inside, just a couple minutes. Turn off the heat and allow the lamb to cool a bit.
Meanwhile process the onion mixture until smooth. Then add the liver, half and half, sea salt, allspice, and ground pepper. Process until smooth.
Line a container with plastic wrap and pour the liver pâté into the container. Smooth with a spatula and cover. Refrigerate. Once cool and hard you can turn the container over onto a plate and peel away the plastic wrap, allowing you to slice the pâté OR just pour into a container from which you can spoon the pâté out of.

Ask the Nutritionist: Gut Bacteria

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

December 2018

Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

Ask the Nutritionist: Gut Bacteria

Why Are Gut Bacteria Important to Our Health?

Did you know that you have 10 times more microbes than human cells and that they weight about 4 pounds total! That means on a cellular level we are more microbial matter than human!

The types of bacteria that live within us, on our skin, in our guts, etc., are impacted by our method of delivery at birth, our diets, lifestyle, stress, antibiotic use, and illness. Before we are born we are squeaky clean, no microbes at all. But during delivery mom transfers her gut bacteria and breastfeeding continues to provide many more. The gut microbiome stabilizes into a more adult-like profile by age one. Therefore, this initial year can have a huge impact on our microbiome and health as an adult.

Some gut bacteria live in a symbiotic relationship with us, making essential nutrients for us to absorb (like vitamin K and B vitamins), they help us digest fibers and stimulate our nervous system. They can also support our gut barrier function and prevent pathogenic bacteria from calling our guts home.

However, some gut bacteria can be potentially harmful. If there is an imbalance of good vs. bad gut bacteria, also called dysbiosis, it can cause allergies, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, diabetes, depression, autism, cancer, and many other conditions. Some of the symptoms of dysbiosis include gas and bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and weight gain or difficulty losing weight. Therefore, gut bacteria play a vital role in human health and general well-being.

Gut Bacteria and Gut Immune System: Good gut bacteria help resist the invasion of pathogenic bacteria and they can help protect us from developing food intolerances. Leaky gut, which is in part caused by poor bacterial diversity, is the main reason people develop food intolerances by activating an immune system response to consumed food proteins. Research has found that L. plantarum can help repair a leaky gut by restoring tight junctions in the gut lining, thereby reducing food intolerances and reducing GI inflammation (1).
Gut Bacteria Benefit the Host: Good gut bacteria help maintain regular bowel movements, produce vitamins, transform bile acid and hormones, metabolize and destroy chemicals and toxins, and help absorb minerals. They also produce short-chain fatty acids in the colon, fueling our colon cells and reducing the risk of colon cancer (1).
Gut Bacteria Can Impact Our Mood: Research finds gut dysbiosis is related to anxiety and depression. Did you know that more than 90 percent of your serotonin is made in your digestive tract? Therefore, establishing growth of good gut bacteria can alter neurotransmitter activity in the brain to improve these symptoms (2).
Gut Bacteria and Insulin Resistance: Research has shown that obese individuals often present with an increase in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and a decrease in Bacteroidetes species, while lean individuals present the opposite. This imbalance seems to increase leaky gut and the absorption of a toxic product called lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which stimulates an inflammatory cascade. This impairs insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity at the cellular receptor site. Consequentially, this leads to weight gain and blood sugar dysregulation (3).

How to Grow Your Good Gut Bacteria

Luckily, you can modulate the types of bacteria that call your GI tract home. Although everyone has a microbial blueprint, your dietary choices, lifestyle choices (stress management), and supplement choices can help encourage establishment of good gut bacteria. Incorporating a whole-foods diet rich in a variety of fruits and vegetables will not only support your gut bacteria but also help provide nutrients for optimal well-being.

Fiber & Prebiotics

Eating a whole-foods-based diet rich in fiber (fruits, vegetables, grains, beans, nuts, and seeds), can actively feed good gut bacteria and encourage their growth. Certain foods contain large amounts of prebiotics, which are indigestible carbohydrates that beneficial bacteria rapidly ferment for fuel. By eating more fiber and prebiotics you encourage beneficial bacteria to grow from the bottom up for lifelong benefits. Gradually increase the therapeutic foods listed below to avoid uncomfortable gas and bloating.

Raw Prebiotic Rich Vegetables: Onions, garlic, leeks, asparagus, artichoke, sunchokes, dandelion greens, and under-ripe bananas. Eating these vegetables raw will provide the largest amount of prebiotic punch.

Polyphenol Rich Foods: Red and purple fruits and veggies, flaxseed meal, chestnuts, hazelnuts, olive oil, red and black whole grains, green tea, dark cocoa, and herbs and spices are all rich sources of polyphenols (phytonutrients that beneficial bacteria feed on).

Mucilaginous Grains & Seeds: Mucilaginous seeds like chia and flaxseed, psyllium husk powder, and grains like oats provide a great fuel source for a beneficial bacteria called Akkermansia that is associated with a healthier metabolic status and a more diverse and healthy gut bacteria.

Resistant Starch: Found in cooked and cooled starchy foods like potatoes and rice, this starch is rapidly fermented by good bacteria and can help establish growth of Bifidobacterium species. Slightly under-ripe bananas are also rich in resistant starch as is green banana flour.

Fermented Foods

While prebiotics help provide the fuel for good gut bacteria, eating fermented foods can provide beneficial bacteria via food. However, decades of research shows you CANNOT repopulate the human gut with Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium supplied by supplements or fermented foods. Colonization is only temporary and lasts only as long as you eat the food regularly. You must grow them from the bottom up using the prebiotic and fiber-rich foods mentioned above.

Nancy’s Plain Yogurt & Kefir: Researched bacterial strains are used in these yogurt and kefir products. Enjoy daily, mixed with one half of an under-ripe mashed banana sprinkled with chia or flaxseeds for added fiber. Some people may better tolerate goat yogurt and kefir.

Lacto-Fermented Veggies: Fermented sauerkraut, kimchi, and other veggies, available in the refrigerated section, have a “zing” to them when consumed for best probiotic benefits. Enjoy 2 tablespoons as a garnish on your savory meals.

Fermented Beverages: Kombucha, kvass, water kefir, and cultured coconut water can be tasty ways to get dairy-free probiotics. Good Belly makes cultured beverages and StraightShots that provide the strain L. plantarum 299v.

Limit Sugar & Refined Grains

Many pathogenic bacteria and yeasts thrive off simple carbohydrates such as sugar, white flour, and refined products. Try to avoid processed foods and sugar as much as possible and stick to a whole-foods diet by using the tips below.

Choose only whole grain products and grains (brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat).
Purchase locally made sourdough whole grain bread without added sugars and fillers.
Use honey, maple syrup, or dates to sweeten dishes and beverages.
Enjoy fresh fruit if craving sweets.
Treat yourself with 1–2 squares of organic dark chocolate, which has limited sugar.
Avoid sugar substitutes. Limited use of stevia or monk fruit are the only acceptable substitutes.

References:

Recipe: Gut Nourishing Steel Cut Oats

Get Selva's simple recipe for Steel Cut Oats that incorporates many of the dietary tips mentioned above. Perfect to enjoy after a workout, as a fiber-rich breakfast, or simply as a snack.

Ask the Nutritionist

Ask the Nutritionist: Fruitphobia

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

May 2018

Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

Dear Nutritionist: Now that we are moving toward the summer months, I want your opinion on fruit consumption. Is it true that since fruit is high in sugar we should limit our consumption? And does fruit consumption lead to health conditions?

Fresh seasonal fruit is so delicious! Nothing compares to a freshly picked bright-red local strawberry or, when traveling in Hawaii, a fresh papaya drizzled with lime juice. Especially in the hotter months, cooler water-rich foods like fruit are often more appealing than a hot meal.

FRUITPHOBIA

Unfortunately, with the popularity of low-carbohydrate diets many individuals are fearful of fruit. Many paleo and low-carb diet advocates recommend sticking to only small amounts of low-sugar fruits, like berries, stating that other fruits provide too much unnecessary sugar. I’ve had multiple patients in my practice that are afraid to eat more than one-half cup of berries per day.

I agree that it is important to reduce your intake of added refined sugars like high fructose corn syrup, maple syrup, honey, sugar, and other processed foods. However, this does not immediately place fruit in the same category.

Although fruit contains sugar (glucose and fructose), it is not found in the same concentration as high fructose corn syrup in sodas, pastries, pancake syrups, etc. For example, soda contains a sugar ratio of 60% fructose to 40% glucose. One 20-ounce bottle of Coke contains roughly 36 grams of fructose; compare that to a banana, which contains 7 grams of fructose, or a medium sized apple with 13 grams of fructose. When do you eat seven bananas in one sitting? Never! Plus, that banana comes in a completely different package: rich in fiber and made by nature.

You are not addicted to sugar if you enjoy fruit. Fruits are rich in easy-to-digest carbohydrates, antioxidant-rich vitamins and minerals, gut-healing fiber, and anti-inflammatory polyphenols. Plus, they are easy to throw into a bag and hit the road. If fruit is lacking in your diet, you may be missing out on a lot of health benefits.

BENEFITS OF FRUIT

1. Rich in Polyphenols
Polyphenols are plant compounds that are most concentrated in the outer parts of plants. These chemical compounds have been studied in relation to their potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities. Each type of polyphenol has different health benefits. Therefore, it is important to consume a variety of unpeeled fruit (unless it’s a melon or banana of course). Polyphenols have been shown to help:

Reduce inflammation
Prevent cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders
Fight infections
Promote the growth of good gut bacteria.

2. Rich in Soluble Fibers and Prebiotics
Soluble fibers and prebiotic fibers help support the growth of good gut bacteria. When these fibers reach the large intestine, they are fermented by bacteria and produce short-chain fatty acids which help fuel colon cells and prevent colon cancer.

Apples, oranges, and bananas are rich in soluble fiber.

3. Rich in Vitamin C
Vitamin C is a nutrient that is very sensitive to heat, light, and air. Therefore, whole fruit becomes an excellent source of vitamin C. It is suggested that the current RDA for vitamin C is too low (75-90mg) and that we should be shooting for at least twice as much from whole foods. Especially if you are under a lot of stress, exercise a lot, or have an inflammatory condition, getting plenty of vitamin C is essential.

Excellent sources of vitamin C: kiwis, oranges, papayas, strawberries, and pineapples.

4. Easily Digestible Whole Food Carbohydrates for Active People
If you are on the go and active, especially in the summer months, fruit can be a great way to fuel your activity. Generally, your carbohydrate intake increases with activity. If you are unsure what to pack to fuel a mountain bike ride, trail run, or hike, pack some fruit! It comes in its own protective barrier and is easy to eat.

Easy fruit to pack: apple, banana, orange, and grapefruit.

5. Helps Digest Protein
Some fruits contain unique enzymes that aid in digesting proteins and help reduce inflammation, support wound healing, and relieve constipation. You can even buy digestive enzymes in supplement stores made with fruit enzymes.

Protein digesting fruits: papaya, pineapple, and kiwi.

SOME CONSIDERATIONS

Daily fruit consumption depends on the individual. Some can tolerate more than others due to activity levels and certain health conditions. For example, individuals with a fructose intolerance or severe gut imbalances may not do well with apples, pears, cherries, figs, and mangos. On the other hand, those with metabolic disorders like diabetes and PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) may have to stick to lower-sugar fruit, like kiwi and berries, or pair fruit with protein for better blood-sugar balance. If you have any of these issues it may be best to work with a dietitian to help you find out what fruit and what portion is right for you.

TAKEWAY

Don’t fear fruit! If you are a healthy individual, eating seasonal organic fruit to your liking can provide many health benefits and should not be avoided. I generally recommend 2 servings of fruit per day and adjust the types of fruit based on the individual needs of the patient.

A Recipe Suggestion

See Selva’s recipe for GLOW Fruit Salad that meets 100% of RDA of vitamin C.

Photo by Selva Wohlgemuth

Ask the Nutritionist

Ask the Nutritionist: Magnesium

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

April 2018

Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

Dear Nutritionist: I have been struggling with muscle cramps and have a hard time falling and staying asleep. Is there anything you can recommend to help alleviate these symptoms?

Muscle cramps and spasms in the soles of feet and legs, as well as twitching of the eyelid, can all be telltale signs of a magnesium need. Magnesium can also be very helpful in promoting relaxation and therefore good quality sleep. Did you know that more than 60 percent of Americans are not getting adequate amounts of magnesium in their diet?

This is most often related to:

not eating enough magnesium-rich foods
lower amounts of magnesium in our soil today than there used to be in the past
taking medications that deplete magnesium stores (some of the most common are acid blockers, antibiotics, and birth control). Also, chronic stress, alcohol abuse, and malabsorption can all contribute to magnesium deficiency.

Magical Magnesium

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and often doesn’t get the attention it deserves. It plays an important role in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body that can affect you from your nervous system all the way to your bones. Magnesium is required for DNA synthesis, reproduction, energy production, blood pressure regulation, insulin metabolism, adrenal function, nervous system transmission, and more. The recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for adult men and women are 400 mg and 310 mg daily. However, most Americans are not getting enough.

Magnesium Deficiency/Insufficiency

Although severe magnesium deficiency is rare, low or insufficient levels of magnesium have been associated with several health conditions such as Alzheimer’s, insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, migraines, muscle and period cramps, and ADHD. Many symptoms associated with a magnesium deficiency are often neglected or overlooked. Indicators of poor magnesium status include anxiety, depression, menstrual cramps and PMS, sleep disorders, low stress tolerance, muscle cramps, constipation, elevated blood pressure, and more.

How Can You Get More in Your Diet?

Aiming to get adequate magnesium from diet is the best approach, because magnesium-rich foods also provide other essential nutrients and fiber. Chlorophyll and therefore green veggies are a major source of magnesium. Some other excellent food sources include nuts, seeds, and whole grains. Some beans and legumes, fruit, and fish provide moderate amounts of magnesium as well.

What About Magnesium Supplements?

Supplemental magnesium is very safe and can provide quick relief of symptoms. It is a supplement I often recommend if someone has a lot of magnesium-wasting risk factors. However, it’s best not to take more than 350mg of supplemental magnesium per day unless recommended by your health care provider.

Some types of magnesium can be better tolerated and absorbed. Magnesium oxide acts as a laxative, and therefore only individuals that need stooling support should supplement with magnesium oxide. Magnesium citrate can cause loose stools, but only if taken in large dosages. Magnesium glycinate is highly absorbable and does not influence stools. Magnesium is best taken 30 minutes prior to bed due to its relaxing effects.

CALM Magnesium (magnesium citrate)

Start with 1 teaspoon and gradually increase to 2–3 teaspoons if needed.

Magnesium Glycinate

Start with 100mg pill. Then increase if needed to 2–3 pills, depending on recommended dosage.

Epsom Salts

Take a hot bath with 2 cups of Epsom salts. Soak for 20–30 minutes, 1–2 times per week.

Sources of Magnesium from Food

Food Item	Serving Size	Magnesium (mg)
Pumpkin seeds	¼ cup	190mg
Mung Beans	¼ cup, dry	140mg
Soy Beans	½ cup, dry	140mg
Buckwheat grouts	¼ cup, dry	95mg
Almonds, roasted	¼ cup	90mg
Potato	1 large	90mg
Quinoa	¼ cup, dry	85mg
Spinach	½ cup cooked	80mg
Swiss Chard	½ cup cooked	80mg
Artichoke	1 medium	80mg
Beans (varied)	¼ cup, dry	75mg
Molasses	1 tablespoon	50mg
Oats, rolled	½ cup, dry	40mg
Plantain	1 cup, boiled	40mg
Banana	1 large	40mg
Sesame Seeds	1 tablespoon	30mg
Shrimp	3oz	30mg
Halibut	4oz	30mg

A Recipe Suggestion

See Selva’s recipe for Zesty Cilantro Lime Quinoa Salad that incorporates several ingredients that are natural sources of magnesium.

Photo by Selva Wohlgemuth

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

June 2019

“Tell me more about vitamin D. How and where do I get enough vitamin D for general wellness?”

Vitamin D 101

SOURCES OF VITAMIN D

Vitamin D from the Sun

Vitamin D from Food

Vitamin D from Supplements

How Much to Supplement?

RESOURCES FOR THE INSPIRED INDIVIDUAL

Ask the Nutritionist

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Registered Dietitian and Nutritionist

March 2019

Old World Lamb Liver Pâté

INGREDIENTS

METHOD

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

December 2018

Ask the Nutritionist: Gut Bacteria

How to Grow Your Good Gut Bacteria

Fiber & Prebiotics

Fermented Foods

Limit Sugar & Refined Grains

Recipe: Gut Nourishing Steel Cut Oats

Ask the Nutritionist

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

May 2018

FRUITPHOBIA

BENEFITS OF FRUIT

SOME CONSIDERATIONS

TAKEWAY

A Recipe Suggestion

Ask the Nutritionist

by Selva Wohlgemuth, Co-op News contributor

April 2018

Magical Magnesium

Magnesium Deficiency/Insufficiency

How Can You Get More in Your Diet?

What About Magnesium Supplements?

CALM Magnesium (magnesium citrate)

Magnesium Glycinate

Epsom Salts

Sources of Magnesium from Food

A Recipe Suggestion

Ask the Nutritionist

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